вторник, 29 января 2013 г.
Инвестиционный банк Ренесcанс значимый игрок на ниве онлайн кредитов
пятница, 25 января 2013 г.
What is a Hypertensive Crisis?
A dangerous spike in blood pressure is known as a hypertensive crisis that can lead to a stroke. Extreme high pressure of (top number) 180 systolic and (bottom number)120 diastolic or higher will damage arteries and capillaries. They will become inflamed and leak fluid and/or blood, rendering the heart unable to effectively pump blood under this condition.
There are two types of hypertensive crisis. One is urgent and the other is an emergency. An urgent hypertensive crisis is when your blood pressure becomes dangerously high and your doctor doesn't suspect any damage to your organs. Symptoms and signs of an urgent hypertensive crisis may include, but not be limited to, shortness of breath, severe anxiety, severe headache, nose bleed and elevated blood pressure.
An emergency hypertensive crisis occurs when pressure becomes dangerously elevated and causes damage to your organs. Life threatening complications as a result of an emergency hypertensive crisis such as pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs), heart attack, brain bleeding or swelling, stroke, aortic dissection (a tear in the heart's main artery) and eclampsia (high blood pressure with seizures if you are pregnant can occur. If you experience a severe increase in blood pressure, seek immediate medical treatment immediately. Treatment may include hospitalization with oral or intravenous (IV) medications.
To diagnose a hypertensive emergency the health care provider might ask you several questions to understand your medical history. They will also ask you what medications you are taking including prescription, nonprescription medications, recreational drugs and herbal or dietary supplements; a history of other co-morbid conditions and prior cardiovascular or renal disease. Tests will also be conducted to monitor blood pressure and assess organ damage including blood pressure monitoring, blood and urine test and pressure monitoring. Early emergency room triage is top priority to identify those patients who may require more aggressive care in the emergency room. Once a hypertensive emergency has been established the first order of business is to bring the pressure down with intravenous blood pressure medication to prevent further organ damage. Any organ damage that has already occurred will be treated with the appropriate medication and therapies.
Most hypertensive urgencies and emergencies are preventable. They are often the result of inadequately treated or untreated stage I or II hypertension or non adherence to hypertensive therapy. Hypertension affects roughly 50 million people in the United States each year. Hypertensive crisis affects close to 500,000 Americans each year. Approximately 30% of adults are unaware of their hypertension and 40% of the people with hypertension are not receiving treatment. Of those treated up to 67% do not have their blood pressure controlled to less than 140/90.
Hypertension develops at an early age and is more common and severs in African Americans compared to age matched non Hispanic whites. Hypertensive crisis is more common in African Americans compared with other races. The lifetime hypertension risk is 86 to 90% in females and 81 to 83% in men.
The best way to avoid hypertension and hypertensive crisis is to manage your blood pressure through exercise, healthy eating and proper medications when prescribed.
четверг, 24 января 2013 г.
Understanding Malignant Hypertension
Malignant hypertension is a severe form of hypertension in which a patient has an unusually high blood pressure. The diastolic pressure that is typically around 80mmHg reaches a reading of 130mmHg or higher. When this occurs, organs in the body such as the brain, kidneys, eyes, and the heart are most susceptible to damage. If not treated immediately, permanent complications in these organs may arise. Intracerebral hemorrhage, heart attack, kidney failure and permanent blindness are the most probable difficulties that a patient would endure. This hypertension is also known as accelerated hypertension and arteriolar nephrosclerosis.
This form of hypertension is classified as a medical emergency. Upon physical examination of a patient some of the common findings are: an unusually high blood pressure; swelling of the lower part of the legs and feet; an abnormal beating of the heart; abnormality in breathing which may be due to the presence of liquid in the lungs; slow reaction time and numbing of the senses. Results of the chest x-ray will show that the heart is enlarged and that the lungs are congested. During examination of the eyes, retinal bleeding and blood vessel narrowing can be observed. Development of kidneys problems may also occur as a complication of hypertension. Several other complications may also develop.
The general characteristics of persons who are most susceptible to malignant hypertension have been identified. Individuals at high risk are younger patients; those having African ethnicity; people who have experienced kidney disorders particularly renal artery stenosis; and women who are pregnant and are experiencing gestational hypertension or its complications such as toxemia of pregnancy. About one percent of high blood pressure patients have the malignant one, making it a rare case. This fact however should not weaken precautionary instincts. The complications that may occur if the condition is neglected pose a serious threat as implied in the previous paragraph.
Common symptoms of malignant hypertension are closely related to the affected organs and organ systems such as the brain, kidneys, eyes, and the circulatory system. Some of these are: hazy vision, headache, restlessness, fatigue, confusion, decreased attentiveness, chest pain and lesser urine output. Overall feelings of numbness and weakness of the arms, legs and face are also experienced by the patient. It has been observed that patients having serious illnesses like stroke, kidney disorders and heart ailments also suffer the same symptoms. The most probable reason is that the same organs are targeted by all these diseases.
Patients with this condition are immediately brought to hospitals so that further tests can be conducted and to enable easier facilitation of treatment. The severity of the malignant hypertension indicates if the patient will be staying in the intensive care unit or not. Initially, medications that reduce the blood pressure are given intravenously. Oral drugs are given when the normal blood pressure of the patient is restored. Other medications that may decongest the lungs or that may aid in treating heart conditions are also given. The results of the physical examination will help the doctor determine the most suitable treatment for the patient.